Thursday 30 April 2015

Phonons, arise! Small electric voltage alters conductivity in key materials

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Modern research has found no simple, inexpensive way to alter a material’s thermal conductivity at room temperature. That

The post Phonons, arise! Small electric voltage alters conductivity in key materials has been published on Technology Org.

 
#materials 
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Physicists discover quantum-mechanical monopoles

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Researchers at Aalto University (Finland) and Amherst College have observed a point-like monopole in a quantum field itself for the first time. This discovery connects to important characteristics of the elusive monopole magnet. The results were just published in Science magazine.

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Pairs of silicon nanocylinders can locally create and enhance light's magnetic field

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Shining visible light on two tiny silicon cylinders, or a 'nanodimer', placed just 30 nanometers apart, produces resonant hot spots for both the electric and magnetic fields, finds a study by A*STAR researchers. This phenomenon could potentially be used to connect computing devices.

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Monogram Carina Nebula - Breathtaking Universe Stickers

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: stlrnrsry, star clusters, galaxies, stars, starfields, awesome astronomy pictures, constellation puppis, the stern, monogram, monograms, star nurseries, nebulae, european southern observatory, eso, vista, initials, initialled, monogrammed

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series

A gorgeous set of oval stickers showing the area surrounding the stellar cluster NGC 2467, located in the southern constellation of Puppis ("The Stern"). With an age of a few million years at most, it is a very active stellar nursery, where new stars are born continuously from large clouds of dust and gas.

The image, looking like a colourful cosmic ghost or a gigantic celestial Mandrill, contains the open clusters Haffner 18 (centre) and Haffner 19 (middle right: it is located inside the smaller pink region - the lower eye of the Mandrill), as well as vast areas of ionised gas.

The bright star at the centre of the largest pink region on the bottom of the image is HD 64315, a massive young star that is helping shaping the structure of the whole nebular region.

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Image code: stlrnrsry

ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA www.eso.org
Reproduced under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

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Eagle Nebula: The Pillars of Creation revealed in 3-D

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Astronomers have produced the first complete three-dimensional view of the famous Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula, Messier 16. The new observations demonstrate how the different dusty pillars of this iconic object are distributed in space and reveal many new details. Intense radiation and stellar winds from the cluster's brilliant stars have sculpted the dusty Pillars of Creation over time and should fully evaporate them in about three million years.
via Science Daily
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Across the Sun

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A long solar filament stretches across the relatively calm surface of the Sun in this telescopic snap shot from April 27. The negative or inverted narrowband image was made in the light of ionized hydrogen atoms. Seen at the upper left, the magnificent curtain of magnetized plasma towers above surface and actually reaches beyond the Sun's edge. How long is the solar filament? About as long as the distance from Earth to Moon, illustrated by the scale insert at the left. Tracking toward the right across the solar disk a day later the long filament erupted, lifting away from the Sun's surface. Monitored by Sun staring satellites, a coronal mass ejection was also blasted from the site but is expected to swing wide of our fair planet.
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Researchers devise a way to grow 3 atom thick semiconducting films with wafer scale homogeneity

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(Phys.org)—A team of researchers at Cornell University has developed a technique that allows for growing 3 atom thick semiconducting films on wafers, up to 10 centimeters across. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the team describes their technique and the ways it might be used to create ultra-tiny circuits. Tobin Marks and Mark Hersam of Northwestern University offer a News & Views perspective piece on the work done by the team in the same journal issue.

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Arts @ CERN: Three winning artists and an open call

Arts @ CERN, CERN's official engagement with the arts, is today announcing three winning art projects from the different strands, Accelerate @ CERN and Collide @ CERN, as well as launching the international open call for Collide @ CERN in digital arts. Now in its fifth year, Arts @ CERN has welcomed more than 70 artists to the Laboratory.

 “In pursuit of its cultural policy, Arts @ CERN continues to bring ‘Great Arts for Great Science’, giving artists the opportunity to discover the universe of high-energy physics at CERN,” said CERN Director-General Rolf Heuer.

Accelerate @ CERN is a one month research stay at CERN, organized in collaboration this year with Taiwan and Austria. The jury of Accelerate @ CERN Taiwan, funded by the Ministry of Culture for Taiwan, made the award to a joint project from dancer Wenchi Su and digital artist Pei-Ying Lin, for their unique combination of dance and physics principles, where language and spatial interaction would be used in extraordinary ways. “CERN is the dream place I always wanted to go to, except I never expected to be there as an artist rather than a physicist,” says Pei-Ying Lin.

The jury of Accelerate @ CERN Austria, funded by the Austrian Federal Chancellery, selected architects Sandra Manninger and Matias Del Campo, for their focus on the notion of geometry. “Scientific insights have always been part of what influenced us as architects and designers, not only in terms of a technological aid, but as a cultural agent and catalyst for new spatial solutions,” said the two winners.

The winner of the Collide @ CERN Pro Helvetia artist residency programme is the collective Fragment.in, formed by Laura Perrenoud, Simon de Diesbach, and Marc Dubois. Their art deals with two realities: tangible and virtual reality. “In their proposal, Fragment.in has a unique, original and creative approach to data visualization. We look forward to having them at CERN,” said Monica Bello, Head of Arts @ CERN. Collide @ CERN is the three month residency programme providing artists with time and space to reflect, research and renew their artistic practice.

Following on from three highly successful years of partnership with Ars Electronica, Arts @ CERN launches today the open call for Collide @ CERN Ars Electronica, the award in which artists from any country are invited to apply for a residency at CERN. This call is open for digital artists, innovative concepts and ideas in the field of art, science and technology. The residency will be part of the "European Digital Art and Science Network" initiated by Ars Electronica with the support of the Creative Europe Programme of the EU.

Online submissions open 30 April 2015 and close 23 June 2015. Apply here

Further information


via CERN: Updates for the general public
http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2015/04/arts-cern-three-winning-artists-and-open-call

Orion Nebula iPad Case

Here's a great iPad case from Zazzle featuring a Hubble-related design. Maybe you'd like to see your name on it? Click to personalize and see what it's like!


tagged with: orion, nebula, space, image, nasa, hubble, astronomy, pink

A lovely detail of an image of the Orion Nebula thanks to NASA/Hubble.

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The Pillars of Creation revealed in 3-D: Study suggests they more aptly named the Pillars of Destruction

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Using the MUSE instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT), astronomers have produced the first complete three-dimensional view of the famous Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula, Messier 16. The new observations demonstrate how the different dusty pillars of this iconic object are distributed in space and reveal many new details—including a previously unseen jet from a young star. Intense radiation and stellar winds from the cluster's brilliant stars have sculpted the dusty Pillars of Creation over time and should fully evaporate them in about three million years.

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Engineering the Smallest Crack in the World

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A new procedure will enable researchers to fabricate smaller, faster, and more powerful nanoscale devices ─ and do

The post Engineering the Smallest Crack in the World has been published on Technology Org.

 
#materials 
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Monogrammed Helix Nebula, Galaxies and Stars Stickers

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: star nurseries, star clusters, galaxies, stars, astronomy, nebulae, helixneb, helix nebula, initialled, monogrammed, starfields, heavens, eso, european southern observatory, vista, monogram, initials, monograms

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series A fantastic colour-composite image of the Helix Nebula (NGC 7293). It was created from images obtained using the Wide Field Imager (WFI), an astronomical camera attached to the 2.2-metre Max-Planck Society/ESO telescope at the La Silla observatory in Chile.

The blue-green glow in the centre of the Helix comes from oxygen atoms shining under effects of the intense ultraviolet radiation of the 120 000 degree Celsius central star and the hot gas.

Further out from the star and beyond the ring of knots, the red colour from hydrogen and nitrogen is more prominent. A careful look at the central part of this object reveals not only the knots, but also many remote galaxies seen right through the thinly spread glowing gas.
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ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA www.eso.org
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Hubble's Sharpest View of .. DODO iPad Folio Case

Here's a great iPad case from Zazzle featuring a Hubble-related design. Maybe you'd like to see your name on it? Click to personalize and see what it's like!


tagged with: hubble's, sharpest, view, orion, nebula., dodo, ipad, folio, case

Hubble's Sharpest View of the Orion Nebula. Thousands of stars are forming in the cloud of gas and dust known as the Orion nebula. More than 3,000 stars of various sizes appear in this image. Some of them have never been seen in visible light. Credit: NASA,ESA, M. Robberto (Space Telescope Science Institute/ESA) and the Hubble Space Telescope Orion Treasury Project Team

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Wednesday 29 April 2015

How to identify drugs that work best for each patient

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More than 100 drugs have been approved to treat cancer, but predicting which ones will help a particular

The post How to identify drugs that work best for each patient has been published on Technology Org.

 
#materials 
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App Smart: Video Feature: Astronomy Apps for Getting to Know the Starry Night Skies

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A series of apps fill in information on the darkened sky, from red dwarf stars to the International Space Station.







via New York Times

New solar telescope unveils the complex dynamics of sunspots' dark cores

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Groundbreaking images of the Sun give a first-ever detailed view of the interior structure of umbrae -- the dark patches in the center of sunspots -- revealing dynamic magnetic fields responsible for the plumes of plasma that emerge as bright dots interrupting their darkness.
via Science Daily
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Turbulent Star-Birth Region Selection Print

Here's a great poster featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: hubble, nasa, stars, star, galaxy, galaxies, space, astronomy, telescope, beautiful, postcard, postcards, photos, photograph, gift, gifts, nebula, nature, landscapes

In commemoration of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope completing its 100,000th orbit in its 18th year of exploration and discovery, scientists at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Md., have aimed Hubble to take a snapshot of a dazzling region of celestial birth and renewal. Hubble peered into a small portion of the nebula near the star cluster NGC 2074 (upper, left). The region is a firestorm of raw stellar creation, perhaps triggered by a nearby supernova explosion. It lies about 170,000 light-years away near the Tarantula nebula, one of the most active star-forming regions in our Local Group of galaxies. The three-dimensional-looking image reveals dramatic ridges and valleys of dust, serpent-head "pillars of creation," and gaseous filaments glowing fiercely under torrential ultraviolet radiation. The region is on the edge of a dark molecular cloud that is an incubator for the birth of new stars. The high-energy radiation blazing out from clusters of hot young stars already born in NGC 2074 is sculpting the wall of the nebula by slowly eroding it away. Another young cluster may be hidden beneath a circle of brilliant blue gas at center, bottom. In this approximately 100-light-year-wide fantasy-like landscape, dark towers of dust rise above a glowing wall of gases on the surface of the molecular cloud. The seahorse-shaped pillar at lower, right is approximately 20 light-years long, roughly four times the distance between our Sun and the nearest star, Alpha Centauri. The region is in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite of our Milky Way galaxy. It is a fascinating laboratory for observing star-formation regions and their evolution. Dwarf galaxies like the LMC are considered to be the primitive building blocks of larger galaxies. This representative color image was taken on August 10, 2008, with Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. Red shows emission from sulfur atoms, green from glowing hydrogen, and blue from glowing oxygen. Source: NASA

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LHC breaks energy record

Science Focus

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Around midnight exactly one week ago, engineers at CERN broke a world record when they accelerated a beam

The post LHC breaks energy record has been published on Technology Org.

 
#physics 
 » see original post http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TechnologyOrgPhysicsNews/~3/YMa8eGexSsY/
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Strong evidence for coronal heating theory

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The sun's surface is blisteringly hot at 10,340 degrees Fahrenheit -- but its atmosphere is another 300 times hotter. This has led to an enduring mystery for those who study the sun: What heats the atmosphere to such extreme temperatures? Normally when you move away from a hot source the environment gets cooler, but some mechanism is clearly at work in the solar atmosphere, the corona, to bring the temperatures up so high.
via Science Daily
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Initialled Spiral Galaxy - NGC 253 Stickers

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: spgxy253, breathtaking astronomy images, galaxies, stars, horsehead nebula, spiral galaxy, initials, initialled, monogrammed, monogram, european southern observatory, eso, vista, monograms

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series A gorgeous image that reveals a little of the wonder that is our universe.

Measuring 70 000 light-years across and laying 13 million light-years away, the nearly edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 253 is revealed here in an image from the Wide Field Imager (WFI) of the MPG/ESO 2.2 m telescope at the La Silla Observatory.

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ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA www.eso.org
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Graphene & 2D Materials LIVE!

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This week, the Graphene & 2D Materials LIVE! Series of events comes back to Europe, with a conference and tradeshow in Berlin. Organized by IDTechEx, the Graphene LIVE! Series actively promotes cohesion within the graphene industry, bringing together key shareholders twice a year – once in Europe and once in the USA.

Graphenea’s Business Development Director, Iñigo Charola, will speak about “Advances in Technology Development for the Production and Applications of Graphene Materials”. Iñigo is speaking in the session “Scaling up graphene production: latest advances”, which is one of eleven topical sessions, that include power storage, applications and processes, latest science, transparent conductive films, conductive inks, structural electronics, and big brand perspectives with futuristic vision talks from the likes of Ericsson and Stora Enso.

In his talk, Iñigo will show why focusing on a few promising graphene production platforms will be key to develop successful applications and facilitate the use and performance of graphene materials. He will also outline what steps need to happen for graphene applications to succeed.

Apart from Iñigo’s talk, Graphenea’s presence is enforced with a stand where visitors can discuss our product line and exchange ideas.

This series of events has an excellent reputation for identifying key market leaders and stimulating fruitful networking, thus we expect the meeting in Berlin to open doors for new collaborations and partnerships.


via Graphenea

Russian Space Station Cargo Ship Is Said to Be Out of Control

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The unmanned freighter was reported to be falling to Earth, and top Russian space officials were meeting on Wednesday to come up with a plan.







via New York Times

Weighing and imaging molecules one at a time

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Building on their creation of the first-ever mechanical device that can measure the mass of individual molecules, one at a time, a team of Caltech scientists and their colleagues have created nanodevices that can also reveal their shape. Such information is crucial when trying to identify large protein molecules or complex assemblies of protein molecules.

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Comet Churyumov Gerasimenko in Crescent

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Zazzle Space Gifts for young and old

Stellar Nursery R136 in the Tarantula Nebula Wall Sticker

Here's a great wall decal featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: stars, galaxies, astronomy, galaxy, wall decal, dorneblmc, stellar nursery, r136, 30 doradus nebula, massive stars, large magellanic cloud, star cluster, amazing hubble images, tarantula nebula

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series Hundreds of brilliant blue stars wreathed by warm, glowing clouds in appear in this the most detailed view of the largest stellar nursery in our local galactic neighborhood. The massive, young stellar grouping, called R136, is only a few million years old and resides in the 30 Doradus (or Tarantula) Nebula, a turbulent star-birth region in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way.
There is no known star-forming region in our galaxy as large or as prolific as 30 Doradus. Many of the diamond-like icy blue stars are among the most massive stars known. Several of them are over 100 times more massive than our Sun. These hefty stars are destined to pop off, like a string of firecrackers, as supernovas in a few million years. The image, taken in ultraviolet, visible, and red light by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3, spans about 100 light-years.
The movement of the LMC around the Milky Way may have triggered the massive cluster's formation in several ways. The gravitational tug of the Milky Way and the companion Small Magellanic Cloud may have compressed gas in the LMC. Also, the pressure resulting from the LMC plowing through the Milky Way's halo may have compressed gas in the satellite. The cluster is a rare, nearby example of the many super star clusters that formed in the distant, early universe, when star birth and galaxy interactions were more frequent.
The LMC is located 170,000 light-years away and is a member of the Local Group of Galaxies, which also includes the Milky Way. The Hubble observations were taken Oct. 20-27, 2009. The blue color is light from the hottest, most massive stars; the green from the glow of oxygen; and the red from fluorescing hydrogen.

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Image credit: Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3

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Purple Galaxy Cluster iPad Mini Covers

Here's a great iPad case from Zazzle featuring a Hubble-related design. Maybe you'd like to see your name on it? Click to personalize and see what it's like!


tagged with: blue, purple, nasa, hubble, space, images, galaxy, cluster, macs, j0717, stars, pretty, galaxies, macsj0717

Galaxy Cluster MACS J0717 thanks to NASA and Hubble program.

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“Holey” Graphene for Energy Storage

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Engineers at the University of California, San Diego have discovered a method to increase the amount of electric

The post “Holey” Graphene for Energy Storage has been published on Technology Org.

 
#materials 
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Carina Nebula Huge Astronomy Poster

Here's a great poster featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: astronomy, astronomer, scientist, science, space, gift, space gift, astronomy gift, science gift, space t-shirt, science t-shirt, astronomy t-shirt, solar system, planets, galaxy, star, universe, hubble space telescope, nasa, creation, star birth, astronomy print, astronromy poste, astrophysicist, astrophysics, print, poster, general sky images

Carina Nebula image for the 17th anniversary of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope - this striking image is a unique gift idea for the space science, astronmer and astrophysics enthusiast on you Holiday gift list or a special gift for any occasion

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World Briefing: Cargo for Space Station at Risk

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A Russian spacecraft tumbled out of control after launching on Tuesday, threatening more than three tons of fuel, water, food and other supplies for the International Space Station.







via New York Times

Monogram Fires of the Flame Nebula - in Orion Oval Sticker

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: breathtaking astronomy images, hfflmnb, star forming, orion constellation, young stars clusters, orion the hunter, flame nebula, awesome space picture, monogram, initialled, heavens, orions belt, european southern observatory, eso, vista, initials, monogrammed, monograms

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series A gorgeous outer space picture featuring the spectacular star-forming region known as the Flame Nebula, or NGC 2024, in the constellation of Orion (the Hunter) and its surroundings.

In views of this evocative object in visible light the core of the nebula is completely hidden behind obscuring dust, but in this VISTA view, taken in infrared light, the cluster of very young stars at the object’s heart is revealed. The wide-field VISTA view also includes the glow of the reflection nebula NGC 2023, just below centre, and the ghostly outline of the Horsehead Nebula (Barnard 33) towards the lower right.

The bright bluish star towards the right is one of the three bright stars forming the Belt of Orion. The image was created from VISTA images taken through J, H and Ks filters in the near-infrared part of the spectrum.

The image shows about half the area of the full VISTA field and is about 40 x 50 arcminutes in extent. The total exposure time was 14 minutes and was the first to be released publicly from VISTA, the world’s largest survey telescope.

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The fearsome foursome: Flying four identically equipped spacecraft in tight formation

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It was unprecedented developing a mission that could fly four identically equipped spacecraft in a tight formation and take measurements 100 times faster than any previous space mission.
via Science Daily
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Stellar Nursery R136 in the Tarantula Nebula Wall Decal

Here's a great wall decal featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: stars, galaxies, astronomy, galaxy, hotair balloons, wall stickers, dorneblmc, stellar nursery, r136, 30 doradus nebula, massive stars, large magellanic cloud, star cluster, amazing hubble images, tarantula nebula

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series Hundreds of brilliant blue stars wreathed by warm, glowing clouds in appear in this the most detailed view of the largest stellar nursery in our local galactic neighborhood. The massive, young stellar grouping, called R136, is only a few million years old and resides in the 30 Doradus (or Tarantula) Nebula, a turbulent star-birth region in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way.
There is no known star-forming region in our galaxy as large or as prolific as 30 Doradus. Many of the diamond-like icy blue stars are among the most massive stars known. Several of them are over 100 times more massive than our Sun. These hefty stars are destined to pop off, like a string of firecrackers, as supernovas in a few million years. The image, taken in ultraviolet, visible, and red light by Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3, spans about 100 light-years.
The movement of the LMC around the Milky Way may have triggered the massive cluster's formation in several ways. The gravitational tug of the Milky Way and the companion Small Magellanic Cloud may have compressed gas in the LMC. Also, the pressure resulting from the LMC plowing through the Milky Way's halo may have compressed gas in the satellite. The cluster is a rare, nearby example of the many super star clusters that formed in the distant, early universe, when star birth and galaxy interactions were more frequent.
The LMC is located 170,000 light-years away and is a member of the Local Group of Galaxies, which also includes the Milky Way. The Hubble observations were taken Oct. 20-27, 2009. The blue color is light from the hottest, most massive stars; the green from the glow of oxygen; and the red from fluorescing hydrogen.

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Image credit: Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3

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New solar telescope peers deep into the sun to track the origins of space weather

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Scientists have captured the first high-resolution images of the flaring magnetic structures known as solar flux ropes at their point of origin in the sun's chromosphere.
via Science Daily
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Tarantula Nebula Star Forming Gas Cloud Sculpture iPad Mini Cases

Here's a great iPad case from Zazzle featuring a Hubble-related design. Maybe you'd like to see your name on it? Click to personalize and see what it's like!


tagged with: billowing interstellar gas clouds, awesome hubble images, star forming activity, star nurseries, tarantula nebula, triggering star formation, large magellanic cloud, hrbstslr tnlmcsfr, cosmological, galaxies, young hot stars

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series An awesome mobile phone shell featuring the Tarantula Nebula of the Large Magellanic Cloud, which is the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way, our galactic home. This Hubble image shows old stars from the distant past and rich, interstellar gas clouds feeding the formation of new ones. The most massive and hottest stars are intense, high-energy radiation sources and this pushes away what remains of the gas and dust, compressing and sculpting it. As the whorls and eddies clump and stretch it, gravity takes over and the birth of the next generation of new stars is triggered.
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image code: tnlmcsfr

Image credit: NASA, the Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) and ESA

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Tuesday 28 April 2015

Robotically discovering Earth's nearest neighbors: 54 light-years away

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Astronomers discovered a planetary system orbiting a nearby star that is only 54 light-years away. All three planets orbit their star at a distance closer than Mercury orbits the sun, completing their orbits in just five, 15, and 24 days.
via Science Daily
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Unmasking the secrets of Mercury, in color

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The MESSENGER spacecraft is the first ever to orbit the planet Mercury, and the spacecraft's seven scientific instruments and radio science investigation are unraveling the history and evolution of the solar system's innermost planet. MESSENGER's highly successful orbital mission is about to come to an end, as the spacecraft runs out of propellant and the force of solar gravity causes it to impact the surface of Mercury near the end of April 2015.
via Science Daily
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Electronic device performance enhanced with new transistor encasing method

original post »

A more effective method for closing gaps in atomically small wires has been developed by University of Illinois

The post Electronic device performance enhanced with new transistor encasing method has been published on Technology Org.

 
#materials 
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New technique for exploring structural dynamics of nanoworld

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A new technique for visualizing the rapidly changing electronic structures of atomic-scale materials as they twist, tumble and traipse across the nanoworld is taking shape at the California Institute of Technology. There, researchers have for the first time successfully combined two existing methods to visualize the structural dynamics of a thin film of graphite.

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New technique for exploring structural dynamics of nanoworld

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A new technique for visualizing the rapidly changing electronic structures of atomic-scale materials as they twist, tumble and traipse across the nanoworld is taking shape. Researchers have for the first time successfully combined two existing methods to visualize the structural dynamics of a thin film of graphite.
via Science Daily

Hubble's Ultra Deep Field Image Poster

Here's a great poster featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: hubble, ultra deep field, ultra, deep, field, astronomical, astronomy, distant, galaxies, ancient, red shift, space images

This view of nearly 10,000 galaxies is called the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The snapshot includes galaxies of various ages, sizes, shapes, and colors. The smallest, reddest galaxies may be among the most distant known, existing when the universe was just about 800 million years old. The nearest galaxies - the larger, brighter, well-defined spirals and ellipticals - thrived about 1 billion years ago, when the cosmos was 13 billion years old. The image required 800 exposures taken over the course of 400 Hubble orbits around Earth. The total amount of exposure time was 11.3 days, taken between Sept. 24, 2003 and Jan. 16, 2004. Credit: NASA, ESA, and S. Beckwith (STScI) and the HUDF Team For more information, visit http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2006/12/image/b/

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Supernova differences could change our understanding of dark energy

Science Focus

original post »

Measuring distance in the Universe is very challenging—you can't simply run a tape measure out to the Cosmic Microwave Background. What astronomers have done instead is find classes of objects that have a consistent brightness. By measuring how much dimmer than the expected value an object is, you can infer its distance. These objects have been termed "standard candles."

The most useful object for measuring great distances is the type Ia supernova. These supernovae are created when a white dwarf star reaches a specific mass, which triggers a thermonuclear explosion. Since the explosions always happen through the same process, it's thought that the light output is always more or less the same. Type Ia supernova have thus been used to measure the expansion of the Universe out to great distances. They're what were used to spot the apparent acceleration of the expansion, which led to the recognition that much of the Universe is composed of dark energy, a feature we know extremely little about.

Recently, however, a paper was published that suggests that these distance estimates may not be entirely reliable. The supernovae, it seems, are not quite as standard as we thought.

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NIST Develops NMR ‘Fingerprinting’ for Monoclonal Antibodies

Science Focus

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National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) researchers at the Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR) have

The post NIST Develops NMR ‘Fingerprinting’ for Monoclonal Antibodies has been published on Technology Org.

 
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Monogram Crab Nebula in Taurus Stickers

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: crbneb, astronomy, messier 1, neutron stars, star ejecta, pulsars, supernovae explosions, galaxies, outer space pictures, monogram initials, heavens, european southern observatory, eso, vista, monograms, initialled, monogrammed

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series A great outer space picture featuring a three colour composite of the well-known Crab Nebula (also known as Messier 1), as observed with the FORS2 instrument in imaging mode in the morning of November 10, 1999.

It's the remnant of a supernova explosion at a distance of about 6,000 light-years, observed almost 1,000 years ago, in the year 1054. It contains a neutron star near its center that spins 30 times per second around its axis (see below).

In this picture, the green light is predominantly produced by hydrogen emission from material ejected by the star that exploded. The blue light is predominantly emitted by very high-energy ("relativistic") electrons that spiral in a large-scale magnetic field (so-called synchrotron emission). It's believed that these electrons are continuously accelerated and ejected by the rapidly spinning neutron star at the centre of the nebula and which is the remnant core of the exploded star.

This pulsar has been identified with the lower/right of the two close stars near the geometric center of the nebula, immediately left of the small arc-like feature, best seen in ESO Press Photo eso9948.

Technical information: ESO Press Photo eso9948 is based on a composite of three images taken through three different optical filters: B (429 nm; FWHM 88 nm; 5 min; here rendered as blue), R (657 nm; FWHM 150 nm; 1 min; green) and S II (673 nm; FWHM 6 nm; 5 min; red) during periods of 0.65 arcsec (R, S II) and 0.80 (B) seeing, respectively. The field shown measures 6.8 x 6.8 arcminutes and the images were recorded in frames of 2048 x 2048 pixels, each measuring 0.2 arcseconds. North is up; East is left.

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image code: crbneb

ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA www.eso.org
Reproduced under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

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Massive Nearby Spiral Galaxy NGC 2841

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Zazzle Space Gifts for young and old

Star Cluster Pismis 24, core of NGC 6357 Room Decals

Here's a great wall decal featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: stars, galaxies, astronomy, wall decal, star cluster, pismis 24, sculpting ultaviolet ionisation, super massive stars, sclustpsms, nebula ngc 6357

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series The star cluster Pismis 24 lies in the core of the large emission nebula NGC 6357 that extends one degree on the sky in the direction of the Scorpius constellation. Part of the nebula is ionised by the youngest (bluest) heavy stars in Pismis 24. The intense ultraviolet radiation from the blazing stars heats the gas surrounding the cluster and creates a bubble in NGC 6357. The presence of these surrounding gas clouds makes probing into the region even harder. One of the top candidates for the title of "Milky Way stellar heavyweight champion" was, until now, Pismis 24-1, a bright young star that lies in the core of the small open star cluster Pismis 24 (the bright stars in the Hubble image) about 8,000 light-years away from Earth. Pismis 24-1 was thought to have an incredibly large mass of 200 to 300 solar masses. New NASA/ESA Hubble measurements of the star, have, however, resolved Pismis 24-1 into two separate stars, and, in doing so, have "halved" its mass to around 100 solar masses.

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image code: sclustpsms

Image credit: NASA/ESA Hubble

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Desiderata Poem, Constellation Cygnus, The Swan iPad Mini Cases

Here's a great iPad case from Zazzle featuring a Hubble-related design. Maybe you'd like to see your name on it? Click to personalize and see what it's like!


tagged with: full desiderata, desiderata poem, noise and haste, go placidly, awesome hubble images, star forming activity, constellation cygnus, the swan, hrbstslr cygsb, cosmological, new star s106ir, star nurseries, young hot stars, interstellar gas clouds, star birth, glowing hydrogen, turbulence

Inspirational Guidance series

A gorgeous iPad Mini case featuring the full Desiderata by Max Ehrmann: Go placidly amidst the noise and haste... with an image of a star forming region in Constellation Cygnus (The Swan). This Hubble picture shows a dust-rich, interstellar gas cloud with a new-born star in the centre of the hour-glass shape.

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Image code: cygsb

Image credit: NASA, the Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) and ESA

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ASU engineer is pulling CO2 out of thin air

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It’s the massive buildup of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere that makes it increasingly likely we will

The post ASU engineer is pulling CO2 out of thin air has been published on Technology Org.

 
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Breathing new life into malaria detection

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Researchers at CSIRO, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute and the Australian National University are working on tests for

The post Breathing new life into malaria detection has been published on Technology Org.

 
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Saturn’s sponge-like moon

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Space Science Image of the Week: Saturn’s moon Hyperion may be a potato-shaped lump of porous rock but, as discovered by Cassini, it is more intriguing than it seems
via ESA Space Science
http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2015/04/Saturn_s_sponge-like_moon_Hyperion

Orion's Belt Deep Wide Field Poster

Here's a great poster featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: astronomy, space, nebula, orion

A deep field panorama that extends from Orion's belt (left) to the M42 nebula (upper right).

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Initialled Dumbbell Nebula Constellation Vulpecula Stickers

Here's a great sheet of stickers featuring a beautiful image from deep space


tagged with: awesome astronomy images, inspirational, dmbblneb, vulpecula constellation, intense ultraviolet radiation, european southern observatory, messier 27 ngc 6853, heavens, monograms, initialled, eso, vista, initials, monogrammed, monogram

Galaxies, Stars and Nebulae series A great photo from deep space featuring the Dumbbell Nebula - also known as Messier 27 or NGC 6853. It's a typical planetary nebula and is located in the constellation Vulpecula (The Fox).

The distance is rather uncertain, but is believed to be around 1,200 light-years. It was first described by the French astronomer and comet hunter Charles Messier who found it in 1764 and included it as no. 27 in his famous list of extended sky objects.

Despite its class, the Dumbbell Nebula has nothing to do with planets. It consists of very rarefied gas that has been ejected from the hot central star (well visible on this photo), now in one of the last evolutionary stages. The gas atoms in the nebula are excited (heated) by the intense ultraviolet radiation from this star and emit strongly at specific wavelengths.

This image is the beautiful by-product of a technical test of some FORS1 narrow-band optical interference filters. They only allow light in a small wavelength range to pass and are used to isolate emissions from particular atoms and ions.

In this three-colour composite, a short exposure was first made through a wide-band filter registering blue light from the nebula. It was then combined with exposures through two interference filters in the light of double-ionized oxygen atoms and atomic hydrogen. They were colour-coded as “blue”, “green” and “red”, respectively, and then combined to produce this picture that shows the structure of the nebula in “approximately true” colours.



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Image code: dmbblneb

ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA www.eso.org
Reproduced under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.

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