Mineralogy of potential lunar exploration site

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Scientists have long wanted to retrieve rock samples from the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin, and a new study could be helpful in locating an ideal landing site.
via Science Daily
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Search for first stars uncovers 'dark matter'

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New research offers the first direct proof that dark matter exists and that it is composed of low-mass particles.
via Science Daily
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Black holes from small galaxies might emit gamma rays

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Researchers have discovered seven galaxies that could shake up what astrophysicists thought they knew about how the size of a galaxy -- and the black hole at its center -- can affect its behavior.
via Science Daily
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When Stars Were Born: Earliest Starlight’s Effects Are Detected

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Using a telescope in Australia, astronomers say they have glimpsed farther back in time than the Hubble Telescope to see what was happening when the first stars were forming.
via New York Times

Within 180 million years of the Big Bang, stars were born

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After 12 years of experimental effort, a team of scientists, led by Arizona State University astronomer Judd Bowman, has detected the fingerprints of the earliest stars in the universe. Using radio signals, the detection provides the first evidence for the oldest ancestors in our cosmic family tree, born by a mere 180 million years after the universe began.
via Science Daily
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The ideal settlement site on Mars? Hotspots, if you asked a crop

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Selecting the perfect landing site will be essential for the successful establishment of the first Mars colony. Growing food crops will be one of the key tasks for the astronauts. Scientists have identified places on Mars that are favorable for plant species to grow.
via Science Daily
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Aqueous storage device needs only 20 seconds to go

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A research team developed a new hybrid energy storage device that can be charged in less than half a minute. It employs aqueous electrolytes instead of flammable organic solvents, so it is both environmentally friendly and safe. It also facilitates a boosting charge with high energy density, which makes it suitable for portable electronic devices.
via Science Daily

The moon formed inside a vaporized Earth synestia

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A new explanation for the Moon's origin has it forming inside the Earth when our planet was a seething, spinning cloud of vaporized rock, called a synestia. The new model resolves several problems in lunar formation.
via Science Daily
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How does water change the Moon's origin story?

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The Moon formed when an object collided with the proto-Earth. For years, scientists thought that in the aftermath, hydrogen and other so-called 'volatile elements' escaped and were lost to space. This would have led to a dry and volatile element-depleted Moon, which seemed to be consistent with previous analyses of lunar samples. But ongoing research about the Moon's chemistry is revealing that it may be wetter than initially thought, raising questions about this origin story.
via Science Daily
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When ‘colder’ means ‘hotter’: Explaining the increasing temperature of cooling granular gases

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A mathematician has developed a theory to explain ‘heating by cooling’, where the temperature of a granular gas increases while the total energy drops down - a peculiar phenomenon which can be observed both on Earth and in space.
via Science Daily
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LIVE: From the LHC tunnel

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator (Image: Maximilien Brice/Julien Ordan/CERN)

Join CERN today, 28 February 2018, at 4pm (CET), when we will be live for the first time on Facebook from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) tunnel, 100 metres underground. 

This is the last chance to go to the LHC tunnel before the CERN accelerators complex restarts soon. Our scientists will be answering your questions as well as explaining how CERN’s accelerators work and why they stop in winter, and what physicists are up to when there’s no beams and no collisions.

Find out more about what has been happening during the winter shutdown for the LHC, injectors and the experiments.

Watch the live on Facebook or below, from 4pm.

via CERN: Updates for the general public
https://home.cern/about/updates/2018/02/live-lhc-tunnel