Physicists create stable, strongly magnetized plasma jet in laboratory

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A team of scientists has for the first time created a particular form of coherent and magnetized plasma jet that could deepen the understanding of the workings of much larger jets that stream from newborn stars and possibly black holes.
via Science Daily
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Subaru Telescope captures 1800 exploding stars

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The Subaru Telescope has captured images of more than 1800 exploding stars in the Universe, some located 8 billion light years from Earth.
via Science Daily
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'Fettuccine' may be most obvious sign of life on Mars, researchers report

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A rover scanning the surface of Mars for evidence of life might want to check for rocks that look like pasta, researchers report. The bacterium that controls the formation of such rocks on Earth is ancient and thrives in harsh environments that are similar to conditions on Mars, said a geology professor.
via Science Daily
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Comet inspires chemistry for making breathable oxygen on Mars

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Researchers have demonstrated a new reaction for generating oxygen that could help humans explore the universe and perhaps even fight climate change at home.
via Science Daily
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A family of comets reopens the debate about the origin of Earth's water

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Researchers have found that one family of comets, the hyperactive comets, contains water similar to terrestrial water.
via Science Daily
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Meteor magnets in outer space: Finding elusive giant planets

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A team has discovered two Jupiter-sized planets about 150 light years away from Earth that could reveal whether life is likely on the smaller planets in other planetary systems.
via Science Daily
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Exotic matter uncovered in the sun's atmosphere

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Scientists have announced a major new finding about how matter behaves in the extreme conditions of the sun's atmosphere. Their work has shed new light on the exotic but poorly understood 'fourth state of matter,' known as plasma, which could hold the key to developing safe, clean and efficient nuclear energy generators on Earth.
via Science Daily
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GRACE data contributes to understanding of climate change

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The team that led a twin satellite system launched in 2002 to take detailed measurements of the Earth, called the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), reports on the contributions that their nearly two decades of data have made to our understanding of global climate patterns.
via Science Daily
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On Mars, sands shift to a different drum

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In the most detailed analysis of how sands move around on Mars, a team of planetary scientists has found that processes not involved in controlling sand movement on Earth play major roles on Mars.
via Science Daily
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Neptune's moon Triton fosters rare icy union

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Astronomers using the Gemini Observatory explore Neptune's largest moon Triton and observe, for the first time beyond the lab, an extraordinary union between carbon monoxide and nitrogen ices. The discovery offers insights into how this volatile mixture can transport material across the moon's surface via geysers, trigger seasonal atmospheric changes, and provide a context for conditions on other distant, icy worlds.
via Science Daily
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Strange Martian mineral deposit likely sourced from volcanic explosions

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In a finding that is soon to be ground-truthed by NASA's next Mars rover, researchers show that a Martian mineral deposit was likely formed by ashfall from ancient volcanic explosions.
via Science Daily
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Massive Martian ice discovery opens a window into Red Planet's history

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Newly discovered layers of ice buried a mile beneath Mars' north pole are the remnants of ancient polar ice sheets and could be one of the largest water reservoirs on the planet, according to scientists. The layers of ice are a record of past climate on Mars in much the same way tree rings are a record of climate on Earth.
via Science Daily
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Detecting bacteria in space

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A new genomic approach provides a glimpse into the diverse bacterial ecosystem on the International Space Station.
via Science Daily
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18 Earth-sized exoplanets discovered

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Scientists have discovered 18 Earth-sized planets beyond the solar system. The worlds are so small that previous surveys had overlooked them. One of them is one of the smallest known so far; another one could offer conditions friendly to life. The researchers re-analyzed a part of the data from NASA's Kepler Space Telescope with a new and more sensitive method.
via Science Daily
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Three exocomets discovered around the star Beta Pictoris

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Three extrasolar comets have been discovered around the star Beta Pictoris, 63 light years away. Analysis of data from the current NASA mission TESS has revealed the objects for the first time using TESS data.
via Science Daily
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Water formation on the Moon demonstrated

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A new study has shown chemical, physical, and material evidence for water formation on the Moon.
via Science Daily
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Formation of the moon brought water to Earth

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Earth has a large amount of water and a relatively large moon, which stabilizes Earth's axis. Both are essential for life to develop on our planet. Scientists have now been able to show that water came to Earth with the formation of the moon.
via Science Daily
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Giant impact caused difference between Moon's hemispheres

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The stark difference between the Moon's heavily-cratered farside and the lower-lying open basins of the Earth-facing nearside has puzzled scientists for decades. Now, new evidence about the Moon's crust suggests the differences were caused by a wayward dwarf planet colliding with the Moon in the early history of the solar system.
via Science Daily
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Sedimentary, my dear Johnson: Is NASA looking at the wrong rocks for clues to Martian life?

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While volcanic, igneous rock predominates on Mars, virtually the entire Earth fossil record comes from sedimentary rocks. Addressing the problem, Swedish scientists have begun compiling evidence of fossilized microbes in underexplored igneous rock environments on Earth, to help guide where to search for a Martian fossil record -- and what to look for.
via Science Daily
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Training a neural network to study dark matter

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A research group is using a deep learning method known as generative adversarial networks to enhance the use of gravitational lensing in the study of dark matter.
via Science Daily
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Galaxy blazes with new stars born from close encounter

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The irregular galaxy NGC 4485 shows all the signs of having been involved in a hit-and-run accident with a bypassing galaxy. Rather than destroying the galaxy, the chance encounter is spawning a new generation of stars, and presumably planets.
via Science Daily
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Shrinking moon may be generating moonquakes

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A new analysis suggests that the moon is actively shrinking and producing moonquakes along thousands of cliffs called thrust faults spread over the moon's surface. The faults are likely the result of the moon's interior cooling and shrinking, causing the surface crust to shrivel and crack like a raisin's skin.
via Science Daily
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Matter around a young star helps astronomers explore our stellar history

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Astronomers have mapped the substance aluminum monoxide in a cloud around a distant young star -- Origin Source I. The finding clarifies some important details about how our solar system, and ultimately we, came to be.
via Science Daily
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Gravitational waves leave a detectable mark, physicists say

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New research shows that gravitational waves leave behind plenty of 'memories' that could help detect them even after they've passed.
via Science Daily
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Gravitational forces in protoplanetary disks may push super-Earths close to their stars

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Astronomers found that as planets form out of the chaotic churn of gravitational, hydrodynamic -- or, drag -- and magnetic forces and collisions within the dusty, gaseous protoplanetary disk that surrounds a star as a planetary system starts to form, the orbits of these planets eventually get in synch, causing them to slide -- follow the leader-style -- toward the star.
via Science Daily
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New clues about how ancient galaxies lit up the Universe

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NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has revealed that some of the Universe's earliest galaxies were brighter than expected. The excess light is a by-product of the galaxies releasing incredibly high amounts of ionizing radiation. The finding offers clues to the cause of the Epoch of Reionization, a major cosmic event that transformed the universe from being mostly opaque to the brilliant starscape seen today.
via Science Daily
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Explosions of universe's first stars spewed powerful jets

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Instead of ballooning into spheres, as once thought, early supernovae ejected jets that may have seeded new stars.
via Science Daily
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A new filter to better map the dark universe

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To address messy measurements of the cosmic web that connects matter in the universe, researchers developed a way to improve the accuracy and clarity of these measurements based on the stretching of the universe's oldest light.
via Science Daily
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Could this rare supernova resolve a longstanding origin debate?

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Detection of a supernova with an unusual chemical signature may hold the key to solving the longstanding mystery that is the source of these violent explosions. Observations taken by the Magellan telescopes at Carnegie's Las Campanas Observatory in Chile were crucial to detecting the emission of hydrogen that makes this supernova, called ASASSN-18tb, so distinctive.
via Science Daily
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Blue supergiant stars open doors to concert in space

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Blue supergiants are rock-and-roll: they live fast and die young. This makes them rare and difficult to study. Before space telescopes were invented, few blue supergiants had been observed, so our knowledge of these stars was limited. Astronomers have now studied the sounds originating inside these stars and discovered that almost all blue supergiants shimmer in brightness because of waves on their surface.
via Science Daily
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Telescopes in space for even sharper images of black holes

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Astronomers propose placing two or three satellites in circular orbit around the Earth to observe black holes.
via Science Daily
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Hubble spots a stunning spiral galaxy

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NGC 2903 is located about 30 million light-years away in the constellation of Leo (the Lion), and was studied as part of a Hubble survey of the central regions of roughly 145 nearby disk galaxies.
via Science Daily
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Pinpointing Gaia to map the Milky Way

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This image, a composite of several observations captured by ESO's VLT Survey Telescope (VST), shows the ESA spacecraft Gaia as a faint trail of dots across the lower half of the star-filled field of view. These observations were taken as part of an ongoing collaborative effort to measure Gaia's orbit and improve the accuracy of its unprecedented star map.
via Science Daily
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Hubble astronomers assemble wide view of the evolving universe

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Astronomers have put together the largest and most comprehensive 'history book' of galaxies into one single image, using 16 years' worth of observations from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
via Science Daily
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Water found in samples from asteroid Itokawa

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Cosmochemists have made the first-ever measurements of water contained in samples from the surface of an asteroid.
via Science Daily
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